APA 7
APA 7th Edition is the most commonly used referencing style here at the University of Portsmouth. Below you will find general guidance on how to reference and cite using APA 7th Edition, as well as examples for the specific sources you are likely to use in your assignments.
Your department or lecturer may prefer you to reference sources differently from the guidance given here. Always follow the requirements of your department or lecturer.
External visitors are welcome to use this guide, but note that your institution's requirements may differ from those suggested here.
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Data sets must be referenced if you have conducted secondary analyses of publicly archived data, or you have archived your own data being presented for the first time.
You must include a retrieval date if the data is likely to change over time.
Reference
Author, Initials. or Name of Organisation / Department. (Year of publication). Title of data set (Version) [Data set]. Retrieved Month Date, Year, from https:doi.org/ or URL
Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs. (2014). Price series for cereals – weekly [Data set]. Retrieved June 2, 2021 from https://www.gov.uk/government/statistical-data-sets/commodity-prices
In-text Citation
Prices fell in January and February 2014 before a sharp increase in early March (Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs, 2014).
The Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs (2014) reported price falls in January...