APA 7th Edition is the most commonly used referencing style here at the University of Portsmouth. Below you will find general guidance on how to reference and cite using APA 7th Edition, as well as examples for the specific sources you are likely to use in your assignments. 

Your department or lecturer may prefer you to reference sources differently from the guidance given here. Always follow the requirements of your department or lecturer. 

Need More Help?

If, after looking at this guidance, you are still stuck, then we can help. If you have a quick question then chat to us online, and if you need more help then you can book an online appointment by emailing library@port.ac.uk

Dissertations and theses submitted to Universities.

Reference

Author, Initials. (Year of submission). Title of dissertation [Bachelors/Masters dissertation, Name of University]. Database/website name. URL

Almutairi, S. M. B. (2020). Beyond religion: A social movement analysis of the ISIS crisis [Bachelors dissertation, University of Portsmouth]. Dissertations@Portsmouth. https://library.port.ac.uk/dissert/view.php?dis_id=13679&rtn=1

 

In-text Citation

For information about the use of page numbers within in-text citations, please see our guidance here. 

It can be argued that... (Almutairi, 2020).

Almutairi (2020, p. 16) explains that... 

 

Reference

Author, Initials. (Year of submission). Title of dissertation [Unpublished bachelors/masters dissertation]. Name of University. 

Rodin, D. (2004). Into the Asylum: Women and madness in the late nineteenth century [Unpublished bachelors dissertation]. University of Portsmouth.

 

In-text Citation

For information about the use of page numbers within in-text citations, please see our guidance here.

It can be argued that... (Rodin, 2004).

Rodin (2004, p. 33) argues that... 

 

Reference

Author, Initials. (Year of submission). Title of thesis [Doctoral thesis, Name of University]. Database/website name. URL

Evans, C. A. (2013). The media representation of Formula One as 'spectacle': constructing sport as a live mediatised event [Doctoral thesis, Cardiff University]. British Library EThOS. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?did=10&uin=uk.bl.ethos.567544

 

In-text Citation

For information about the use of page numbers within in-text citations, please see our guidance here.

It can be argued that... (Evans, 2013).

Evans (2013, p. 76) argues that... 

 

Reference

Author, Initials. (Year of submission). Title of dissertation [Unpublished doctoral thesis]. Name of University. 

Sharkas, H. (2005). Genre and translation quality: perspectives in quality assessment of English-Arabic translations of popular science genres [Unpublished doctoral thesis]. University of Portsmouth.

 

In-text Citation

For information about the use of page numbers within in-text citations, please see our guidance here. 

It can be shown that... (Sharkas, 2005).

Sharkas (2005, p. 98) demonstrated that...