OSCOLA referencing style is used when submitting work for a module for the School of Law.  Due to the complexity of particular sources, some entries are very detailed.  Make sure to fully read each page.

List the works chronological order.

If there are multiple works by the same author for the same year, alphabetise the titles by the first main word of the title (excluding the word The).
The second and subsequent works are listed beneath the first with a double em dash instead of the author's name.


There are multiple ways of creating a double em dash:

  • Use the Symbol options. While no symbol directly matches what is shown in the OSCOLA manual, insert two of the symbols with a space in between them.
  • The em dash can be created on the PC or laptop by holding down the ALT key and typing 0151 on the numeric keypad with Number Lock turned on. Only the numbers on the right hand keypad do this, not the numbers above the letters. 
  • Type the following: 2e3a then without pressing the space bar, simultaneously press the ALT key and the X key.  Then hit the space bar.
  • On Mac operating systems, press Shift-Option and the minus key to make en em-dash.