APA 7
APA 7th Edition is the most commonly used referencing style here at the University of Portsmouth. Below you will find general guidance on how to reference and cite using APA 7th Edition, as well as examples for the specific sources you are likely to use in your assignments.
Your department or lecturer may prefer you to reference sources differently from the guidance given here. Always follow the requirements of your department or lecturer.
External visitors are welcome to use this guide, but note that your institution's requirements may differ from those suggested here.
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Tip: To retrieve the URL of a Facebook post click on the timestamp.
Facebook post from a personal timeline
Reference
Facebook posts may contain non-standard spelling, capitalisation, hashtags, links and emojis. Do not alter spelling or capitalisation and retain hashtags and emojis (links and emojis count as one word).
If the post includes images, videos, thumbnails with links or shared content from another Facebook post indicate that in square brackets.
Author, Initials. (Year, Month Date of posting). Text of post up to twenty words [Description of audiovisuals, if present] [Status update]. Name of Site. URL
Gaiman, N. (2021, May 20). We did it! You, me, UNHCR, Twitter, and many others – all together – we won the Public Service and Activism Social [Video attached] [Status update]. Facebook. https://www.facebook.com/neilgaiman/posts/323143845847219
In-text citation
It was announced that... (Gaiman, 2021)
Gaiman (2021) announced that...
Facebook post from an organisation's page or group
Reference
Author. (Year, Month Date of posting). Text of post up to twenty words [Description of audiovisuals, if present]. Name of Site. URL
Design Museum. (2020, June 7). If you could live anywhere, where would it be? What would it look like?
[Image attached]. Facebook. https://www.facebook.com/designmuseum/photos/a.91537539168/10158472662469169
In-text citation
It was reported... (Design Museum, 2020)
The Design Museum (2020) reported that...