APA 7
APA 7th Edition is the most commonly used referencing style here at the University of Portsmouth. Below you will find general guidance on how to reference and cite using APA 7th Edition, as well as examples for the specific sources you are likely to use in your assignments.
Your department or lecturer may prefer you to reference sources differently from the guidance given here. Always follow the requirements of your department or lecturer.
External visitors are welcome to use this guide, but note that your institution's requirements may differ from those suggested here.
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Conference proceedings published as a chapter in a book should be referenced and cited as a chapter in an edited ebook or chapter in an edited print book.
If there is no editor given for the book, omit this from the reference as below:
Reference
Author of the chapter/section, Initials. (Year of publication). Title of chapter/section. In Title of book (pp. page numbers of chapter/section). Publisher. https://doi.org/ or URL
Bartolomé, N.A., Zorrilla, A. M., & Zapirain, B. G. (2012). Dyslexia diagnosis in reading stage though the use of games at school. In 17th International Conference on Computer Games (CGAMES) (pp. 12-17). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/CGames.2012.6314544.
In-text Citation
For information about the use of page numbers within in-text citations, please see our guidance here.
It was noted that... (Bartolomé et al., 2012).
Bartolomé et al. (2012, p. 15) noted that...