APA 7
APA 7th Edition is the most commonly used referencing style here at the University of Portsmouth. Below you will find general guidance on how to reference and cite using APA 7th Edition, as well as examples for the specific sources you are likely to use in your assignments.
Your department or lecturer may prefer you to reference sources differently from the guidance given here. Always follow the requirements of your department or lecturer.
External visitors are welcome to use this guide, but note that your institution's requirements may differ from those suggested here.
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Use this format to reference and cite images, photographs and other visual sources which you have found in databases.
Always include a description of the medium or format in square brackets after the title.
If you are referencing a photograph of a work by another artist, such as an architect, give the name of the photographer as the author, and include the other artist and their medium in the description.
For untitled images, include a description in square brackets in place of a title.
Reference
Artist, Initials. (Year of creation). Title [Description]. Database name. URL.
Albers, A. (1959). Study for nylon rug [Gouache on photocopy of original drawing]. Artstor. https://library.artstor.org/#/asset/AALBERT_10311267667
Sulman, J. (1958). Job 2622: Case study house no. 21 (Los Angeles, Calif.) also known as Bailey House [Photograph of architecture by Pierre Koenig]. Artstor. https://library.artstor.org/#/asset/AGETTYIG_10313608841
In-text Citation
If you mention the title of the artwork in your sentence, use italics for this.
Study for nylon rug (Albers, 1959) shows how...
The photograph by Sulman (1958) depicts the...