Operations & Systems Management

This page will help you get more out of your Library resources for your assignments, projects and dissertations in Business Information Systems

News Services

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Including our Financial Times and Economist subscriptions

Use Referencing@Portsmouth to find out how to reference all your business sources:

  • The Business School uses APA 7th style.
  • Use Search APA 7 to locate specific referencing advice on chapters, articles, business databases such as Mintel and Statista, as well as abbreviations, appendices, tables and more. 

New to referencing? USE THESE RESOURCES

  1. Watch my 10 minute APA Basics video 
  2. Then, for comprehensive guidance, complete the Business School's bespoke Academic Integrity and Referencing tutorials (self-enrol on the Moodle site and click back on this link) 
  3. Now check your knowledge against some Business APA 7th examples 
  4. Finally, watch my 10 minute video about the most common errors in APA 7th

Can I use ChatGPT/AI to generate references? 

Be aware that ChatGPT and similar tools invent academic references (see the more button for why). Using such fabricated information in your work is considered academic misconduct so you should always double check any AI generated references. The University has guidance for students on the use of AI and the Library has produced guidance on citing and referencing generative AI.

more

ChatGPT is a large language model which has been trained which words should appear and in what order - hence similar authors/titles/journals get linked with each other, producing very plausible sounding references that actually don't exist - the words simply have connections to each other within its training data. When prompted "How does ChatGPT predict which words come next?" ChatGPT stated that it "predicts which words come next based on the patterns it learns from the training data. When given a prompt or context, the model uses its knowledge of language patterns to generate likely sequences of words that would follow the input" ... "it predicts one word at a time, based on the previously generated words" ... " and then calculates the probability distribution of the next word in the sequence based on the patterns it has learned from the training data" (OpenAI, 2023).

For more information about using AI tools in your academic work, please see the Getting Started section above. 


 
Reference

OpenAI. (2023). ChatGPT (Mar 23 Version) [Large language model]. https://chat.openai.com/chat

Your Subject Team

 Hannah Porter

Faculty Librarian

email hannah.porter@port.ac.uk

phone (023) 9284 3238