APA 7
APA 7th Edition is the most commonly used referencing style here at the University of Portsmouth. Below you will find general guidance on how to reference and cite using APA 7th Edition, as well as examples for the specific sources you are likely to use in your assignments.
Your department or lecturer may prefer you to reference sources differently from the guidance given here. Always follow the requirements of your department or lecturer.
External visitors are welcome to use this guide, but note that your institution's requirements may differ from those suggested here.
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You should reference the source that the speech appears in. If a transcript appears in a book, follow the referencing guidelines for a book. If a transcript appears on a webpage, follow the referencing guidance for a webpage.
If you heard the speech live, and there is no written or audio recording, reference as follows.
Reference
Author, Initials. (Year, Month Date speech was given). Title [Speech]. Location.
In-text Citation
It was claimed that... (Author, Year)
In their speech, Author (Year) claimed that...