OSCOLA
OSCOLA referencing style is used when submitting work for a module for the School of Law. Due to the complexity of particular sources, some entries are very detailed. Make sure to fully read each page.
General guidance in OSCOLA for secondary sources: If an item has an ISBN, treat is as a book - check the title page as well as the last page).
If it is an electronic source identical to the print version (e.g. pdf) treat it as the print version. Treat sources without ISBNs in a similar way, but with the title in roman rather than italics and within single quotation marks as for journals.
Round vs square brackets information.
Footnote form
Author, 'Article Title' [(Publication year in round or square brackets)] Volume/Issue/Part number if necessary Journal Name (abbreviated) first page number of article, pinpoint page if required.
Case notes and Case commentaries
Treat as journal articles. If no article title, put the party names in single inverted commas and in italics and add (note) after the journal citation.
For examples, click on the More button.
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Footnote examples
1 David L Weimer, 'Cultural Analysis: Politics, Public Law and Administration' [2009] J Comp Pol'y Analysis 409.
2 Sandra Fredman, 'Equality: A New Generation?' [2001] ILJ 145, 158.
3 R Flannigan, 'Fiduciary Duties of Shareholders and Directors' [2004] JBL 277, 284.
4 M Oldham, 'Undue Influence and Parallel Proceedings' [2001] CLJ 250.
5 Michael Naughton, 'Rethinking Miscarriages of Justice' (2008) 186 Crim Law 3.
6 M O'Neill, 'A Critical Analysis of the EU Legal Provisions on Terrorism' [2008] Terrorism and Political Violence 26, 32.
7 G Blank and R Nazzini, 'Accentuate Ltd v Asigra Inc' GCLR [2010] 4 (note).
8 A Ashworth, [2006] Crim LR 441 (case comment).
[If the case is identified in the text, it is not necessary to put the party names in the footnote.]
Bibliography
Secondary sources
Ashworth A, [2006] Crim LR 441 (note)
Flannigan R, 'Fiduciary Duties of Shareholders and Directors' [2004] JBL 277
Blank G and Nazzini R, 'Accentuate Ltd v Asigra Inc' GCLR [2010] 4 (note)
Notes
- Information about how to arrange the bibliography
- Treat multiple authors in the same way as multiple authors of books. If there is no author, begin the footnote with the title.
- Journal titles are normally abbreviated. Use the Cardiff Index to Legal Abbreviations to choose the preferred abbreviation for any legal source omitting punctuation wherever possible. Otherwise use the abbreviation given in the journal itself or abbreviate titles using the guidance in the Appendix to the OSCOLA guide.
- Place a comma between the number of the first page of the article and the pinpoint.
- Cite "in press" or "preprint" articles in the same way as published articles, following the citation with forthcoming in round brackets. If volume and/or page numbers are not yet know, simply omit that information.
- Do not include full stop at the end of bibliography entries.
Reference: Faculty of Law, University of Oxford, OSCOLA: Oxford Standard for the Citation of Legal Authorities (4th edn Oxford University 2010) 37-38 and http://denning.law.ox.ac.uk/published/oscolafaq.shtml