APA 7
APA 7th Edition is the most commonly used referencing style here at the University of Portsmouth. Below you will find general guidance on how to reference and cite using APA 7th Edition, as well as examples for the specific sources you are likely to use in your assignments.
Your department or lecturer may prefer you to reference sources differently from the guidance given here. Always follow the requirements of your department or lecturer.
External visitors are welcome to use this guide, but note that your institution's requirements may differ from those suggested here.
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In general, signage will not be an easily retrievable source. You may therefore wish to consider including a photograph of it as an appendix. If you use a photograph you took yourself of the signage as a Figure within your work, you will need to follow this guidance, but you do not need to include an in-text citation within the Note. field. Leave out the line of text starting with the word Note. below the table or figure.
In most cases, there will be an organisation which can be used as an author in the reference, but no title.
Instead of a title, you should use a description of the signage in square brackets.
If you cannot tell the date the signage was created, use n.d. instead of a year.
Reference
Author. (Year of publication). [description].
Shiny window cleaning company. (n.d.). [Signage on side of company vehicle including logo].
In-text Citation
The company use a distinctive logo on their van as part of their advertising (Shiny window cleaning company, n.d.).