APA 7
APA 7th Edition is the most commonly used referencing style here at the University of Portsmouth. Below you will find general guidance on how to reference and cite using APA 7th Edition, as well as examples for the specific sources you are likely to use in your assignments.
Your department or lecturer may prefer you to reference sources differently from the guidance given here. Always follow the requirements of your department or lecturer.
External visitors are welcome to use this guide, but note that your institution's requirements may differ from those suggested here.
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Reference
If a webpage has no publication date use (n.d.) in place of this. The copyright date on the website itself should not be used as the publication date.
When the author and website name are the same, omit the website name from the reference.
Author, Initials. (n.d.). Title of webpage. Name of Website. URL
Cadbury. (n.d.). The Cadbury foundation. https://www.cadbury.co.uk/cadbury-foundation
In-text Citation
It is stated that... (Cadbury, n.d.)
Cadbury (n.d., para. 2) claims that...